unistd.h 34 KB

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  1. /* Copyright (C) 1991-1999, 2000, 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
  2. This file is part of the GNU C Library.
  3. The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
  4. modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
  5. License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
  6. version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
  7. The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  8. but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  9. MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
  10. Lesser General Public License for more details.
  11. You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
  12. License along with the GNU C Library; if not, write to the Free
  13. Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA
  14. 02111-1307 USA. */
  15. /*
  16. * POSIX Standard: 2.10 Symbolic Constants <unistd.h>
  17. */
  18. #ifndef _UNISTD_H
  19. #define _UNISTD_H 1
  20. #include <features.h>
  21. __BEGIN_DECLS
  22. /* These may be used to determine what facilities are present at compile time.
  23. Their values can be obtained at run time from `sysconf'. */
  24. /* POSIX Standard approved as ISO/IEC 9945-1 as of August, 1988 and
  25. extended by POSIX-1b (aka POSIX-4) and POSIX-1c (aka POSIX threads). */
  26. #define _POSIX_VERSION 199506L
  27. /* These are not #ifdef __USE_POSIX2 because they are
  28. in the theoretically application-owned namespace. */
  29. /* POSIX Standard approved as ISO/IEC 9945-2 as of December, 1993. */
  30. #define _POSIX2_C_VERSION 199209L
  31. /* The utilities on GNU systems also correspond to this version. */
  32. #define _POSIX2_VERSION 199209L
  33. /* If defined, the implementation supports the
  34. C Language Bindings Option. */
  35. #define _POSIX2_C_BIND 1
  36. /* If defined, the implementation supports the
  37. C Language Development Utilities Option. */
  38. #define _POSIX2_C_DEV 1
  39. /* If defined, the implementation supports the
  40. Software Development Utilities Option. */
  41. #define _POSIX2_SW_DEV 1
  42. /* If defined, the implementation supports the
  43. creation of locales with the localedef utility. */
  44. #define _POSIX2_LOCALEDEF 1
  45. /* X/Open version number to which the library conforms. It is selectable. */
  46. #ifdef __USE_UNIX98
  47. # define _XOPEN_VERSION 500
  48. #else
  49. # define _XOPEN_VERSION 4
  50. #endif
  51. /* Commands and utilities from XPG4 are available. */
  52. #define _XOPEN_XCU_VERSION 4
  53. /* We are compatible with the old published standards as well. */
  54. #define _XOPEN_XPG2 1
  55. #define _XOPEN_XPG3 1
  56. #define _XOPEN_XPG4 1
  57. /* The X/Open Unix extensions are available. */
  58. #define _XOPEN_UNIX 1
  59. /* Encryption is present. */
  60. #define _XOPEN_CRYPT 1
  61. /* The enhanced internationalization capabilities according to XPG4.2
  62. are present. */
  63. #define _XOPEN_ENH_I18N 1
  64. /* The legacy interfaces are also available. */
  65. #define _XOPEN_LEGACY 1
  66. /* Get values of POSIX options:
  67. If these symbols are defined, the corresponding features are
  68. always available. If not, they may be available sometimes.
  69. The current values can be obtained with `sysconf'.
  70. _POSIX_JOB_CONTROL Job control is supported.
  71. _POSIX_SAVED_IDS Processes have a saved set-user-ID
  72. and a saved set-group-ID.
  73. _POSIX_REALTIME_SIGNALS Real-time, queued signals are supported.
  74. _POSIX_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING Priority scheduling is supported.
  75. _POSIX_TIMERS POSIX.4 clocks and timers are supported.
  76. _POSIX_ASYNCHRONOUS_IO Asynchronous I/O is supported.
  77. _POSIX_PRIORITIZED_IO Prioritized asynchronous I/O is supported.
  78. _POSIX_SYNCHRONIZED_IO Synchronizing file data is supported.
  79. _POSIX_FSYNC The fsync function is present.
  80. _POSIX_MAPPED_FILES Mapping of files to memory is supported.
  81. _POSIX_MEMLOCK Locking of all memory is supported.
  82. _POSIX_MEMLOCK_RANGE Locking of ranges of memory is supported.
  83. _POSIX_MEMORY_PROTECTION Setting of memory protections is supported.
  84. _POSIX_MESSAGE_PASSING POSIX.4 message queues are supported.
  85. _POSIX_SEMAPHORES POSIX.4 counting semaphores are supported.
  86. _POSIX_SHARED_MEMORY_OBJECTS POSIX.4 shared memory objects are supported.
  87. _POSIX_THREADS POSIX.1c pthreads are supported.
  88. _POSIX_THREAD_ATTR_STACKADDR Thread stack address attribute option supported.
  89. _POSIX_THREAD_ATTR_STACKSIZE Thread stack size attribute option supported.
  90. _POSIX_THREAD_SAFE_FUNCTIONS Thread-safe functions are supported.
  91. _POSIX_THREAD_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING
  92. POSIX.1c thread execution scheduling supported.
  93. _POSIX_THREAD_PRIO_INHERIT Thread priority inheritance option supported.
  94. _POSIX_THREAD_PRIO_PROTECT Thread priority protection option supported.
  95. _POSIX_THREAD_PROCESS_SHARED Process-shared synchronization supported.
  96. _POSIX_PII Protocol-independent interfaces are supported.
  97. _POSIX_PII_XTI XTI protocol-indep. interfaces are supported.
  98. _POSIX_PII_SOCKET Socket protocol-indep. interfaces are supported.
  99. _POSIX_PII_INTERNET Internet family of protocols supported.
  100. _POSIX_PII_INTERNET_STREAM Connection-mode Internet protocol supported.
  101. _POSIX_PII_INTERNET_DGRAM Connectionless Internet protocol supported.
  102. _POSIX_PII_OSI ISO/OSI family of protocols supported.
  103. _POSIX_PII_OSI_COTS Connection-mode ISO/OSI service supported.
  104. _POSIX_PII_OSI_CLTS Connectionless ISO/OSI service supported.
  105. _POSIX_POLL Implementation supports `poll' function.
  106. _POSIX_SELECT Implementation supports `select' and `pselect'.
  107. _XOPEN_REALTIME X/Open realtime support is available.
  108. _XOPEN_REALTIME_THREADS X/Open realtime thread support is available.
  109. _XOPEN_SHM Shared memory interface according to XPG4.2.
  110. _XBS5_ILP32_OFF32 Implementation provides environment with 32-bit
  111. int, long, pointer, and off_t types.
  112. _XBS5_ILP32_OFFBIG Implementation provides environment with 32-bit
  113. int, long, and pointer and off_t with at least
  114. 64 bits.
  115. _XBS5_LP64_OFF64 Implementation provides environment with 32-bit
  116. int, and 64-bit long, pointer, and off_t types.
  117. _XBS5_LPBIG_OFFBIG Implementation provides environment with at
  118. least 32 bits int and long, pointer, and off_t
  119. with at least 64 bits.
  120. If any of these symbols is defined as -1, the corresponding option is not
  121. true for any file. If any is defined as other than -1, the corresponding
  122. option is true for all files. If a symbol is not defined at all, the value
  123. for a specific file can be obtained from `pathconf' and `fpathconf'.
  124. _POSIX_CHOWN_RESTRICTED Only the super user can use `chown' to change
  125. the owner of a file. `chown' can only be used
  126. to change the group ID of a file to a group of
  127. which the calling process is a member.
  128. _POSIX_NO_TRUNC Pathname components longer than
  129. NAME_MAX generate an error.
  130. _POSIX_VDISABLE If defined, if the value of an element of the
  131. `c_cc' member of `struct termios' is
  132. _POSIX_VDISABLE, no character will have the
  133. effect associated with that element.
  134. _POSIX_SYNC_IO Synchronous I/O may be performed.
  135. _POSIX_ASYNC_IO Asynchronous I/O may be performed.
  136. _POSIX_PRIO_IO Prioritized Asynchronous I/O may be performed.
  137. Support for the Large File Support interface is not generally available.
  138. If it is available the following constants are defined to one.
  139. _LFS64_LARGEFILE Low-level I/O supports large files.
  140. _LFS64_STDIO Standard I/O supports large files.
  141. */
  142. #include <bits/posix_opt.h>
  143. /* Get the environment definitions from Unix98. */
  144. #ifdef __USE_UNIX98
  145. # include <bits/environments.h>
  146. #endif
  147. /* Standard file descriptors. */
  148. #define STDIN_FILENO 0 /* Standard input. */
  149. #define STDOUT_FILENO 1 /* Standard output. */
  150. #define STDERR_FILENO 2 /* Standard error output. */
  151. /* All functions that are not declared anywhere else. */
  152. #include <bits/types.h>
  153. #ifndef __ssize_t_defined
  154. typedef __ssize_t ssize_t;
  155. # define __ssize_t_defined
  156. #endif
  157. #define __need_size_t
  158. #define __need_NULL
  159. #include <stddef.h>
  160. #ifdef __USE_XOPEN
  161. /* The Single Unix specification says that some more types are
  162. available here. */
  163. # ifndef __gid_t_defined
  164. typedef __gid_t gid_t;
  165. # define __gid_t_defined
  166. # endif
  167. # ifndef __uid_t_defined
  168. typedef __uid_t uid_t;
  169. # define __uid_t_defined
  170. # endif
  171. # ifndef __off_t_defined
  172. # ifndef __USE_FILE_OFFSET64
  173. typedef __off_t off_t;
  174. # else
  175. typedef __off64_t off_t;
  176. # endif
  177. # define __off_t_defined
  178. # endif
  179. # if defined __USE_LARGEFILE64 && !defined __off64_t_defined
  180. typedef __off64_t off64_t;
  181. # define __off64_t_defined
  182. # endif
  183. # ifndef __useconds_t_defined
  184. typedef __useconds_t useconds_t;
  185. # define __useconds_t_defined
  186. # endif
  187. # ifndef __pid_t_defined
  188. typedef __pid_t pid_t;
  189. # define __pid_t_defined
  190. # endif
  191. #endif /* X/Open */
  192. #if defined __USE_MISC || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
  193. # ifndef __intptr_t_defined
  194. typedef __intptr_t intptr_t;
  195. # define __intptr_t_defined
  196. # endif
  197. #endif
  198. #if defined __USE_BSD || defined __USE_XOPEN
  199. # ifndef __socklen_t_defined
  200. typedef __socklen_t socklen_t;
  201. # define __socklen_t_defined
  202. # endif
  203. #endif
  204. /* Values for the second argument to access.
  205. These may be OR'd together. */
  206. #define R_OK 4 /* Test for read permission. */
  207. #define W_OK 2 /* Test for write permission. */
  208. #define X_OK 1 /* Test for execute permission. */
  209. #define F_OK 0 /* Test for existence. */
  210. /* Test for access to NAME using the real UID and real GID. */
  211. extern int access (__const char *__name, int __type) __THROW;
  212. /* Values for the WHENCE argument to lseek. */
  213. #ifndef _STDIO_H /* <stdio.h> has the same definitions. */
  214. # define SEEK_SET 0 /* Seek from beginning of file. */
  215. # define SEEK_CUR 1 /* Seek from current position. */
  216. # define SEEK_END 2 /* Seek from end of file. */
  217. #endif
  218. #if defined __USE_BSD && !defined L_SET
  219. /* Old BSD names for the same constants; just for compatibility. */
  220. # define L_SET SEEK_SET
  221. # define L_INCR SEEK_CUR
  222. # define L_XTND SEEK_END
  223. #endif
  224. /* Move FD's file position to OFFSET bytes from the
  225. beginning of the file (if WHENCE is SEEK_SET),
  226. the current position (if WHENCE is SEEK_CUR),
  227. or the end of the file (if WHENCE is SEEK_END).
  228. Return the new file position. */
  229. #ifndef __USE_FILE_OFFSET64
  230. extern __off_t lseek (int __fd, __off_t __offset, int __whence) __THROW;
  231. #else
  232. # ifdef __REDIRECT
  233. extern __off64_t __REDIRECT (lseek,
  234. (int __fd, __off64_t __offset, int __whence)
  235. __THROW,
  236. lseek64);
  237. # else
  238. # define lseek lseek64
  239. # endif
  240. #endif
  241. #ifdef __USE_LARGEFILE64
  242. extern __off64_t lseek64 (int __fd, __off64_t __offset, int __whence) __THROW;
  243. #endif
  244. /* Close the file descriptor FD. */
  245. extern int close (int __fd) __THROW;
  246. /* Read NBYTES into BUF from FD. Return the
  247. number read, -1 for errors or 0 for EOF. */
  248. extern ssize_t read (int __fd, void *__buf, size_t __nbytes) __THROW;
  249. /* Write N bytes of BUF to FD. Return the number written, or -1. */
  250. extern ssize_t write (int __fd, __const void *__buf, size_t __n) __THROW;
  251. #ifdef __USE_UNIX98
  252. # ifndef __USE_FILE_OFFSET64
  253. extern ssize_t pread (int __fd, void *__buf, size_t __nbytes, __off_t __offset)
  254. __THROW;
  255. extern ssize_t pwrite (int __fd, __const void *__buf, size_t __n,
  256. __off_t __offset) __THROW;
  257. # else
  258. # ifdef __REDIRECT
  259. extern ssize_t __REDIRECT (pread, (int __fd, void *__buf, size_t __nbytes,
  260. __off64_t __offset) __THROW,
  261. pread64);
  262. extern ssize_t __REDIRECT (pwrite, (int __fd, __const void *__buf,
  263. size_t __nbytes, __off64_t __offset)
  264. __THROW,
  265. pwrite64);
  266. # else
  267. # define pread pread64
  268. # define pwrite pwrite64
  269. # endif
  270. # endif
  271. # ifdef __USE_LARGEFILE64
  272. /* Read NBYTES into BUF from FD at the given position OFFSET without
  273. changing the file pointer. Return the number read, -1 for errors
  274. or 0 for EOF. */
  275. extern ssize_t pread64 (int __fd, void *__buf, size_t __nbytes,
  276. __off64_t __offset) __THROW;
  277. /* Write N bytes of BUF to FD at the given position OFFSET without
  278. changing the file pointer. Return the number written, or -1. */
  279. extern ssize_t pwrite64 (int __fd, __const void *__buf, size_t __n,
  280. __off64_t __offset) __THROW;
  281. # endif
  282. #endif
  283. /* Create a one-way communication channel (pipe).
  284. If successful, two file descriptors are stored in PIPEDES;
  285. bytes written on PIPEDES[1] can be read from PIPEDES[0].
  286. Returns 0 if successful, -1 if not. */
  287. extern int pipe (int __pipedes[2]) __THROW;
  288. /* Schedule an alarm. In SECONDS seconds, the process will get a SIGALRM.
  289. If SECONDS is zero, any currently scheduled alarm will be cancelled.
  290. The function returns the number of seconds remaining until the last
  291. alarm scheduled would have signaled, or zero if there wasn't one.
  292. There is no return value to indicate an error, but you can set `errno'
  293. to 0 and check its value after calling `alarm', and this might tell you.
  294. The signal may come late due to processor scheduling. */
  295. extern unsigned int alarm (unsigned int __seconds) __THROW;
  296. /* Make the process sleep for SECONDS seconds, or until a signal arrives
  297. and is not ignored. The function returns the number of seconds less
  298. than SECONDS which it actually slept (thus zero if it slept the full time).
  299. If a signal handler does a `longjmp' or modifies the handling of the
  300. SIGALRM signal while inside `sleep' call, the handling of the SIGALRM
  301. signal afterwards is undefined. There is no return value to indicate
  302. error, but if `sleep' returns SECONDS, it probably didn't work. */
  303. extern unsigned int sleep (unsigned int __seconds) __THROW;
  304. #if defined __USE_BSD || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
  305. /* Set an alarm to go off (generating a SIGALRM signal) in VALUE
  306. microseconds. If INTERVAL is nonzero, when the alarm goes off, the
  307. timer is reset to go off every INTERVAL microseconds thereafter.
  308. Returns the number of microseconds remaining before the alarm. */
  309. extern __useconds_t ualarm (__useconds_t __value, __useconds_t __interval)
  310. __THROW;
  311. /* Sleep USECONDS microseconds, or until a signal arrives that is not blocked
  312. or ignored. */
  313. extern int usleep (__useconds_t __useconds) __THROW;
  314. #endif
  315. /* Suspend the process until a signal arrives.
  316. This always returns -1 and sets `errno' to EINTR. */
  317. extern int pause (void) __THROW;
  318. /* Change the owner and group of FILE. */
  319. extern int chown (__const char *__file, __uid_t __owner, __gid_t __group)
  320. __THROW;
  321. #if defined __USE_BSD || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
  322. /* Change the owner and group of the file that FD is open on. */
  323. extern int fchown (int __fd, __uid_t __owner, __gid_t __group) __THROW;
  324. /* Change owner and group of FILE, if it is a symbolic
  325. link the ownership of the symbolic link is changed. */
  326. extern int lchown (__const char *__file, __uid_t __owner, __gid_t __group)
  327. __THROW;
  328. #endif /* Use BSD || X/Open Unix. */
  329. /* Change the process's working directory to PATH. */
  330. extern int chdir (__const char *__path) __THROW;
  331. #if defined __USE_BSD || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
  332. /* Change the process's working directory to the one FD is open on. */
  333. extern int fchdir (int __fd) __THROW;
  334. #endif
  335. /* Get the pathname of the current working directory,
  336. and put it in SIZE bytes of BUF. Returns NULL if the
  337. directory couldn't be determined or SIZE was too small.
  338. If successful, returns BUF. In GNU, if BUF is NULL,
  339. an array is allocated with `malloc'; the array is SIZE
  340. bytes long, unless SIZE == 0, in which case it is as
  341. big as necessary. */
  342. extern char *getcwd (char *__buf, size_t __size) __THROW;
  343. /* Return a malloc'd string containing the current directory name.
  344. If the environment variable `PWD' is set, and its value is correct,
  345. that value is used. */
  346. extern char *get_current_dir_name (void) __THROW;
  347. /* Duplicate FD, returning a new file descriptor on the same file. */
  348. extern int dup (int __fd) __THROW;
  349. /* Duplicate FD to FD2, closing FD2 and making it open on the same file. */
  350. extern int dup2 (int __fd, int __fd2) __THROW;
  351. /* NULL-terminated array of "NAME=VALUE" environment variables. */
  352. extern char **__environ;
  353. #ifdef __USE_GNU
  354. extern char **environ;
  355. #endif
  356. /* Replace the current process, executing PATH with arguments ARGV and
  357. environment ENVP. ARGV and ENVP are terminated by NULL pointers. */
  358. extern int execve (__const char *__path, char *__const __argv[],
  359. char *__const __envp[]) __THROW;
  360. /* Execute PATH with arguments ARGV and environment from `environ'. */
  361. extern int execv (__const char *__path, char *__const __argv[]) __THROW;
  362. /* Execute PATH with all arguments after PATH until a NULL pointer,
  363. and the argument after that for environment. */
  364. extern int execle (__const char *__path, __const char *__arg, ...) __THROW;
  365. /* Execute PATH with all arguments after PATH until
  366. a NULL pointer and environment from `environ'. */
  367. extern int execl (__const char *__path, __const char *__arg, ...) __THROW;
  368. /* Execute FILE, searching in the `PATH' environment variable if it contains
  369. no slashes, with arguments ARGV and environment from `environ'. */
  370. extern int execvp (__const char *__file, char *__const __argv[]) __THROW;
  371. /* Execute FILE, searching in the `PATH' environment variable if
  372. it contains no slashes, with all arguments after FILE until a
  373. NULL pointer and environment from `environ'. */
  374. extern int execlp (__const char *__file, __const char *__arg, ...) __THROW;
  375. #if defined __USE_MISC || defined __USE_XOPEN
  376. /* Add INC to priority of the current process. */
  377. extern int nice (int __inc) __THROW;
  378. #endif
  379. /* Terminate program execution with the low-order 8 bits of STATUS. */
  380. extern void _exit (int __status) __attribute__ ((__noreturn__));
  381. /* Get the `_PC_*' symbols for the NAME argument to `pathconf' and `fpathconf';
  382. the `_SC_*' symbols for the NAME argument to `sysconf';
  383. and the `_CS_*' symbols for the NAME argument to `confstr'. */
  384. #include <bits/confname.h>
  385. /* Get file-specific configuration information about PATH. */
  386. extern long int pathconf (__const char *__path, int __name) __THROW;
  387. /* Get file-specific configuration about descriptor FD. */
  388. extern long int fpathconf (int __fd, int __name) __THROW;
  389. /* Get the value of the system variable NAME. */
  390. extern long int sysconf (int __name) __THROW __attribute__ ((__const__));
  391. #ifdef __USE_POSIX2
  392. /* Get the value of the string-valued system variable NAME. */
  393. extern size_t confstr (int __name, char *__buf, size_t __len) __THROW;
  394. #endif
  395. /* Get the process ID of the calling process. */
  396. extern __pid_t getpid (void) __THROW;
  397. /* Get the process ID of the calling process's parent. */
  398. extern __pid_t getppid (void) __THROW;
  399. /* Get the process group ID of the calling process.
  400. This function is different on old BSD. */
  401. #ifndef __FAVOR_BSD
  402. extern __pid_t getpgrp (void) __THROW;
  403. #else
  404. # ifdef __REDIRECT
  405. extern __pid_t __REDIRECT (getpgrp, (__pid_t __pid) __THROW, __getpgid);
  406. # else
  407. # define getpgrp __getpgid
  408. # endif
  409. #endif
  410. /* Get the process group ID of process PID. */
  411. extern __pid_t __getpgid (__pid_t __pid) __THROW;
  412. #ifdef __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
  413. extern __pid_t getpgid (__pid_t __pid) __THROW;
  414. #endif
  415. /* Set the process group ID of the process matching PID to PGID.
  416. If PID is zero, the current process's process group ID is set.
  417. If PGID is zero, the process ID of the process is used. */
  418. extern int setpgid (__pid_t __pid, __pid_t __pgid) __THROW;
  419. #if defined __USE_SVID || defined __USE_BSD || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
  420. /* Both System V and BSD have `setpgrp' functions, but with different
  421. calling conventions. The BSD function is the same as POSIX.1 `setpgid'
  422. (above). The System V function takes no arguments and puts the calling
  423. process in its on group like `setpgid (0, 0)'.
  424. New programs should always use `setpgid' instead.
  425. The default in GNU is to provide the System V function. The BSD
  426. function is available under -D_BSD_SOURCE. */
  427. # ifndef __FAVOR_BSD
  428. /* Set the process group ID of the calling process to its own PID.
  429. This is exactly the same as `setpgid (0, 0)'. */
  430. extern int setpgrp (void) __THROW;
  431. # else
  432. /* Another name for `setpgid' (above). */
  433. # ifdef __REDIRECT
  434. extern int __REDIRECT (setpgrp, (__pid_t __pid, __pid_t __pgrp) __THROW,
  435. setpgid);
  436. # else
  437. # define setpgrp setpgid
  438. # endif
  439. # endif /* Favor BSD. */
  440. #endif /* Use SVID or BSD. */
  441. /* Create a new session with the calling process as its leader.
  442. The process group IDs of the session and the calling process
  443. are set to the process ID of the calling process, which is returned. */
  444. extern __pid_t setsid (void) __THROW;
  445. #ifdef __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
  446. /* Return the session ID of the given process. */
  447. extern __pid_t getsid (__pid_t __pid) __THROW;
  448. #endif
  449. /* Get the real user ID of the calling process. */
  450. extern __uid_t getuid (void) __THROW;
  451. /* Get the effective user ID of the calling process. */
  452. extern __uid_t geteuid (void) __THROW;
  453. /* Get the real group ID of the calling process. */
  454. extern __gid_t getgid (void) __THROW;
  455. /* Get the effective group ID of the calling process. */
  456. extern __gid_t getegid (void) __THROW;
  457. /* If SIZE is zero, return the number of supplementary groups
  458. the calling process is in. Otherwise, fill in the group IDs
  459. of its supplementary groups in LIST and return the number written. */
  460. extern int getgroups (int __size, __gid_t __list[]) __THROW;
  461. /* Set the user ID of the calling process to UID.
  462. If the calling process is the super-user, set the real
  463. and effective user IDs, and the saved set-user-ID to UID;
  464. if not, the effective user ID is set to UID. */
  465. extern int setuid (__uid_t __uid) __THROW;
  466. #if defined __USE_BSD || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
  467. /* Set the real user ID of the calling process to RUID,
  468. and the effective user ID of the calling process to EUID. */
  469. extern int setreuid (__uid_t __ruid, __uid_t __euid) __THROW;
  470. #endif
  471. #if defined __USE_BSD || defined __USE_XOPEN2K
  472. /* Set the effective user ID of the calling process to UID. */
  473. extern int seteuid (__uid_t __uid) __THROW;
  474. #endif /* Use BSD. */
  475. /* Set the group ID of the calling process to GID.
  476. If the calling process is the super-user, set the real
  477. and effective group IDs, and the saved set-group-ID to GID;
  478. if not, the effective group ID is set to GID. */
  479. extern int setgid (__gid_t __gid) __THROW;
  480. #if defined __USE_BSD || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
  481. /* Set the real group ID of the calling process to RGID,
  482. and the effective group ID of the calling process to EGID. */
  483. extern int setregid (__gid_t __rgid, __gid_t __egid) __THROW;
  484. #endif
  485. #if defined __USE_BSD || defined __USE_XOPEN2K
  486. /* Set the effective group ID of the calling process to GID. */
  487. extern int setegid (__gid_t __gid) __THROW;
  488. #endif /* Use BSD. */
  489. #ifdef __USE_GNU
  490. /* Fetch the effective user ID, real user ID, and saved-set user ID,
  491. of the calling process. */
  492. extern int getresuid (__uid_t *__euid, __uid_t *__ruid, __uid_t *__suid);
  493. /* Fetch the effective group ID, real group ID, and saved-set group ID,
  494. of the calling process. */
  495. extern int getresgid (__gid_t *__egid, __gid_t *__rgid, __gid_t *__sgid);
  496. /* Set the effective user ID, real user ID, and saved-set user ID,
  497. of the calling process to EUID, RUID, and SUID, respectively. */
  498. extern int setresuid (__uid_t __euid, __uid_t __ruid, __uid_t __suid);
  499. /* Set the effective group ID, real group ID, and saved-set group ID,
  500. of the calling process to EGID, RGID, and SGID, respectively. */
  501. extern int setresgid (__gid_t __egid, __gid_t __rgid, __gid_t __sgid);
  502. #endif
  503. #ifdef __ARCH_HAS_MMU__
  504. /* Clone the calling process, creating an exact copy.
  505. Return -1 for errors, 0 to the new process,
  506. and the process ID of the new process to the old process. */
  507. extern __pid_t fork (void) __THROW;
  508. #endif
  509. #if defined __USE_BSD || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
  510. /* Clone the calling process, but without copying the whole address space.
  511. The calling process is suspended until the new process exits or is
  512. replaced by a call to `execve'. Return -1 for errors, 0 to the new process,
  513. and the process ID of the new process to the old process. */
  514. extern __pid_t vfork (void) __THROW;
  515. #endif /* Use BSD. */
  516. /* Return the pathname of the terminal FD is open on, or NULL on errors.
  517. The returned storage is good only until the next call to this function. */
  518. extern char *ttyname (int __fd) __THROW;
  519. /* Store at most BUFLEN characters of the pathname of the terminal FD is
  520. open on in BUF. Return 0 on success, otherwise an error number. */
  521. extern int ttyname_r (int __fd, char *__buf, size_t __buflen) __THROW;
  522. /* Return 1 if FD is a valid descriptor associated
  523. with a terminal, zero if not. */
  524. extern int isatty (int __fd) __THROW;
  525. /* Make a link to FROM named TO. */
  526. extern int link (__const char *__from, __const char *__to) __THROW;
  527. #if defined __USE_BSD || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
  528. /* Make a symbolic link to FROM named TO. */
  529. extern int symlink (__const char *__from, __const char *__to) __THROW;
  530. /* Read the contents of the symbolic link PATH into no more than
  531. LEN bytes of BUF. The contents are not null-terminated.
  532. Returns the number of characters read, or -1 for errors. */
  533. extern int readlink (__const char *__restrict __path, char *__restrict __buf,
  534. size_t __len) __THROW;
  535. #endif /* Use BSD. */
  536. /* Remove the link NAME. */
  537. extern int unlink (__const char *__name) __THROW;
  538. /* Remove the directory PATH. */
  539. extern int rmdir (__const char *__path) __THROW;
  540. /* Return the foreground process group ID of FD. */
  541. extern __pid_t tcgetpgrp (int __fd) __THROW;
  542. /* Set the foreground process group ID of FD set PGRP_ID. */
  543. extern int tcsetpgrp (int __fd, __pid_t __pgrp_id) __THROW;
  544. /* Return the login name of the user. */
  545. extern char *getlogin (void) __THROW;
  546. #if defined __USE_REENTRANT || defined __USE_UNIX98
  547. /* Return at most NAME_LEN characters of the login name of the user in NAME.
  548. If it cannot be determined or some other error occurred, return the error
  549. code. Otherwise return 0. */
  550. extern int getlogin_r (char *__name, size_t __name_len) __THROW;
  551. #endif
  552. #ifdef __USE_POSIX2
  553. /* Get definitions and prototypes for functions to process the
  554. arguments in ARGV (ARGC of them, minus the program name) for
  555. options given in OPTS. */
  556. # define __need_getopt
  557. # include <bits/getopt.h>
  558. #endif
  559. #if defined __USE_BSD || defined __USE_UNIX98
  560. /* Put the name of the current host in no more than LEN bytes of NAME.
  561. The result is null-terminated if LEN is large enough for the full
  562. name and the terminator. */
  563. extern int gethostname (char *__name, size_t __len) __THROW;
  564. #endif
  565. #if defined __USE_BSD || (defined __USE_XOPEN && !defined __USE_UNIX98)
  566. /* Set the name of the current host to NAME, which is LEN bytes long.
  567. This call is restricted to the super-user. */
  568. extern int sethostname (__const char *__name, size_t __len) __THROW;
  569. /* Set the current machine's Internet number to ID.
  570. This call is restricted to the super-user. */
  571. extern int sethostid (long int __id) __THROW;
  572. /* Get and set the NIS (aka YP) domain name, if any.
  573. Called just like `gethostname' and `sethostname'.
  574. The NIS domain name is usually the empty string when not using NIS. */
  575. extern int getdomainname (char *__name, size_t __len) __THROW;
  576. extern int setdomainname (__const char *__name, size_t __len) __THROW;
  577. /* Revoke access permissions to all processes currently communicating
  578. with the control terminal, and then send a SIGHUP signal to the process
  579. group of the control terminal. */
  580. extern int vhangup (void) __THROW;
  581. /* Turn accounting on if NAME is an existing file. The system will then write
  582. a record for each process as it terminates, to this file. If NAME is NULL,
  583. turn accounting off. This call is restricted to the super-user. */
  584. extern int acct (__const char *__name) __THROW;
  585. /* Successive calls return the shells listed in `/etc/shells'. */
  586. extern char *getusershell (void) __THROW;
  587. extern void endusershell (void) __THROW; /* Discard cached info. */
  588. extern void setusershell (void) __THROW; /* Rewind and re-read the file. */
  589. #if defined __ARCH_HAS_MMU__
  590. /* Put the program in the background, and dissociate from the controlling
  591. terminal. If NOCHDIR is zero, do `chdir ("/")'. If NOCLOSE is zero,
  592. redirects stdin, stdout, and stderr to /dev/null. */
  593. extern int daemon (int __nochdir, int __noclose) __THROW;
  594. #endif
  595. #endif /* Use BSD || X/Open. */
  596. #if defined __USE_BSD || (defined __USE_XOPEN && !defined __USE_XOPEN2K)
  597. /* Make PATH be the root directory (the starting point for absolute paths).
  598. This call is restricted to the super-user. */
  599. extern int chroot (__const char *__path) __THROW;
  600. /* Prompt with PROMPT and read a string from the terminal without echoing.
  601. Uses /dev/tty if possible; otherwise stderr and stdin. */
  602. extern char *getpass (__const char *__prompt) __THROW;
  603. #endif /* Use BSD || X/Open. */
  604. #if defined __USE_BSD || defined __USE_XOPEN
  605. /* Make all changes done to FD actually appear on disk. */
  606. extern int fsync (int __fd) __THROW;
  607. #endif /* Use BSD || X/Open. */
  608. #if defined __USE_BSD || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
  609. /* Return the current machine's Internet number. */
  610. extern long int gethostid (void) __THROW;
  611. /* Make all changes done to all files actually appear on disk. */
  612. extern void sync (void) __THROW;
  613. /* Return the number of bytes in a page. This is the system's page size,
  614. which is not necessarily the same as the hardware page size. */
  615. extern int getpagesize (void) __THROW __attribute__ ((__const__));
  616. /* Truncate FILE to LENGTH bytes. */
  617. # ifndef __USE_FILE_OFFSET64
  618. extern int truncate (__const char *__file, __off_t __length) __THROW;
  619. # else
  620. # ifdef __REDIRECT
  621. extern int __REDIRECT (truncate,
  622. (__const char *__file, __off64_t __length) __THROW,
  623. truncate64);
  624. # else
  625. # define truncate truncate64
  626. # endif
  627. # endif
  628. # ifdef __USE_LARGEFILE64
  629. extern int truncate64 (__const char *__file, __off64_t __length) __THROW;
  630. # endif
  631. /* Truncate the file FD is open on to LENGTH bytes. */
  632. # ifndef __USE_FILE_OFFSET64
  633. extern int ftruncate (int __fd, __off_t __length) __THROW;
  634. # else
  635. # ifdef __REDIRECT
  636. extern int __REDIRECT (ftruncate, (int __fd, __off64_t __length) __THROW,
  637. ftruncate64);
  638. # else
  639. # define ftruncate ftruncate64
  640. # endif
  641. # endif
  642. # ifdef __USE_LARGEFILE64
  643. extern int ftruncate64 (int __fd, __off64_t __length) __THROW;
  644. # endif
  645. /* Return the maximum number of file descriptors
  646. the current process could possibly have. */
  647. extern int getdtablesize (void) __THROW;
  648. #endif /* Use BSD || X/Open Unix. */
  649. #if defined __USE_MISC || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
  650. /* Set the end of accessible data space (aka "the break") to ADDR.
  651. Returns zero on success and -1 for errors (with errno set). */
  652. extern int brk (void *__addr) __THROW;
  653. /* Increase or decrease the end of accessible data space by DELTA bytes.
  654. If successful, returns the address the previous end of data space
  655. (i.e. the beginning of the new space, if DELTA > 0);
  656. returns (void *) -1 for errors (with errno set). */
  657. extern void *sbrk (intptr_t __delta) __THROW;
  658. #endif
  659. #ifdef __USE_MISC
  660. /* Invoke `system call' number SYSNO, passing it the remaining arguments.
  661. This is completely system-dependent, and not often useful.
  662. In Unix, `syscall' sets `errno' for all errors and most calls return -1
  663. for errors; in many systems you cannot pass arguments or get return
  664. values for all system calls (`pipe', `fork', and `getppid' typically
  665. among them).
  666. In Mach, all system calls take normal arguments and always return an
  667. error code (zero for success). */
  668. extern long int syscall (long int __sysno, ...) __THROW;
  669. #endif /* Use misc. */
  670. #if (defined __USE_MISC || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED) && !defined F_LOCK
  671. /* NOTE: These declarations also appear in <fcntl.h>; be sure to keep both
  672. files consistent. Some systems have them there and some here, and some
  673. software depends on the macros being defined without including both. */
  674. /* `lockf' is a simpler interface to the locking facilities of `fcntl'.
  675. LEN is always relative to the current file position.
  676. The CMD argument is one of the following. */
  677. # define F_ULOCK 0 /* Unlock a previously locked region. */
  678. # define F_LOCK 1 /* Lock a region for exclusive use. */
  679. # define F_TLOCK 2 /* Test and lock a region for exclusive use. */
  680. # define F_TEST 3 /* Test a region for other processes locks. */
  681. # ifndef __USE_FILE_OFFSET64
  682. extern int lockf (int __fd, int __cmd, __off_t __len) __THROW;
  683. # else
  684. # ifdef __REDIRECT
  685. extern int __REDIRECT (lockf, (int __fd, int __cmd, __off64_t __len) __THROW,
  686. lockf64);
  687. # else
  688. # define lockf lockf64
  689. # endif
  690. # endif
  691. # ifdef __USE_LARGEFILE64
  692. extern int lockf64 (int __fd, int __cmd, __off64_t __len) __THROW;
  693. # endif
  694. #endif /* Use misc and F_LOCK not already defined. */
  695. #ifdef __USE_GNU
  696. /* Evaluate EXPRESSION, and repeat as long as it returns -1 with `errno'
  697. set to EINTR. */
  698. # define TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(expression) \
  699. (__extension__ \
  700. ({ long int __result; \
  701. do __result = (long int) (expression); \
  702. while (__result == -1L && errno == EINTR); \
  703. __result; }))
  704. #endif
  705. #if defined __USE_POSIX199309 || defined __USE_UNIX98
  706. /* Synchronize at least the data part of a file with the underlying
  707. media. */
  708. extern int fdatasync (int __fildes) __THROW;
  709. #endif /* Use POSIX199309 */
  710. /* XPG4.2 specifies that prototypes for the encryption functions must
  711. be defined here. */
  712. #ifdef __USE_XOPEN
  713. /* Encrypt at most 8 characters from KEY using salt to perturb DES. */
  714. extern char *crypt (__const char *__key, __const char *__salt) __THROW;
  715. /* Encrypt data in BLOCK in place if EDFLAG is zero; otherwise decrypt
  716. block in place. */
  717. extern void encrypt (char *__block, int __edflag) __THROW;
  718. /* Swab pairs bytes in the first N bytes of the area pointed to by
  719. FROM and copy the result to TO. The value of TO must not be in the
  720. range [FROM - N + 1, FROM - 1]. If N is odd the first byte in FROM
  721. is without partner. */
  722. extern void swab (__const void *__restrict __from, void *__restrict __to,
  723. ssize_t __n) __THROW;
  724. #endif
  725. /* The Single Unix specification demands this prototype to be here.
  726. It is also found in <stdio.h>. */
  727. #ifdef __USE_XOPEN
  728. /* Return the name of the controlling terminal. */
  729. extern char *ctermid (char *__s) __THROW;
  730. #endif
  731. __END_DECLS
  732. #endif /* unistd.h */